Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense, and they affect not only physical health but also road safety. Recent studies have revealed that extreme heat can increase the probability of a traffic accident by up to 25%, due to its effects on concentration, decision-making, and the physical state of drivers.
When temperatures exceed 35 °C (95 °F), the human body begins to show signs of heat stress. For drivers, this translates into fatigue, drowsiness, irritability, and slower reflexes. Moreover, heat causes dehydration, which can worsen feelings of tiredness and directly impact attention and reaction time, key factors in preventing traffic accidents.
Several studies have found a direct correlation between high temperatures and increased road accidents, especially during peak sun exposure hours, between noon and 5:00 p.m. There has also been a noticeable rise in human errors such as missing traffic signs, braking late, or veering into other lanes, all linked to heat’s impact on cognitive functions.
Another important factor is the condition of vehicles:
- Tyres: In extreme heat, tires tend to expand and wear out faster, and the braking system may lose effectiveness.
- Cabin air filter: This filter removes particles and pollutants from outside air to ensure better air quality inside the vehicle. Replacing this filter annually, preferably between spring and summer, ensures proper air quality in the vehicle and helps prevent potential accidents.
- Air conditioning: If the air conditioning isn’t working properly, the vehicle’s interior can become a hostile environment, further affecting the driver. Recharging the air conditioning refrigerant is crucial for proper function. If the air isn’t cold, is blowing weakly, or the climate control system can’t defog the windows, it’s time for a recharge. This service, which may cost between 60 and 150 euros, can help you avoid unwanted situations.
Additionally, experts recommend avoiding driving during the hottest hours of the day, staying well-hydrated, checking the condition of the vehicle before traveling, and taking frequent breaks on long trips. Wearing sunglasses and ensuring proper ventilation inside the car also contribute to safer driving.
With climate change intensifying episodes of extreme heat, it is essential to treat this factor as a real risk variable in road safety policies. Prevention and awareness can make the difference between a safe journey and a preventable accident.